Science and technology park construction plan

Science and technology park construction plan – The plan to build a Science & Technology Park has been formed as one of the social institutions and a link in the chain of technology-based economic development. Science and technology parks are structured to support the growth and development of science and technology in society and to create knowledge-based wealth by helping to create technology companies. Science and Technology Park is an organization managed by professionals with the aim of increasing wealth in the community and moving the flow of knowledge and technology between universities, research and development institutes, private companies and the market.

The plan to build a science and technology park by strengthening growth centers will strengthen innovative organizations and facilitate reproductive processes. Science and Technology Park is an environment in which independent research units affiliated with organizations and industries are integrated and covered to support creativity and innovation.

Deepening the connection between universities, research organizations, production units and government decision-making centers for the development of technology and applied sciences is one of the goals of creating and developing science and technology parks. On the other hand, technology parks as a means of attracting companies based on advanced technology internationally They are known and in addition are a vehicle for attracting experts and scientists and developing the activities of entrepreneurs.

More than 800 science and technology parks have been established in more than 55 countries and more are being built, which shows the countries’ attention to this important social institution. Also, the formation and development of many emerging technological phenomena is within these parks. And governments are trying to create the right environment to create working conditions for small and medium-sized enterprises, and to attract international technology-based companies.

The technology park is a unit that:
Liaises with educational and research institutions. Provides infrastructure and support services, especially real estate and office space for businesses.

Technology Park Letters and Terms:
In the United States, technology park, research park, or technology research park letters are used, but in the United Kingdom and some European countries, the term science park is more common. In France, the term technology hub is also widely used. In other countries, names such as business incubator, innovation center, entrepreneurship center, technology park, science park, research park, technology hub, science-research city, technopolis, technopole, etc. are heard.

The term construction of a science and technology park is actually used to describe a diverse level of activities in a specific area to stimulate the entrepreneurial development of small and medium-sized companies in a country. The term technology park has at least 16 synonyms, the most common of which is a science park, research park And are the center of technology. New fields of technology parks are constantly increasing in order to differentiate these parks from their many competitors, which are about 295 technology parks around the world.

Initially, the category of technology park had a very limited definition, the main focus of which was park real estate, according to which universities typically lease real estate, office space or research equipment to commercial units. Sometimes this combination is similar to industrial estates or corporate gathering places. Today, this category has been developed to cover a wider range of activities, including economic development and technology transfer.

Synonyms for technology park:

Commercial Park, Computer Park, Advanced Technology Park, Industrial Park, Innovation Center, Research and Development Park, Research Park, Research and Technology Park, Science and Technology Park, Science Park, Science Park, Technology Development Center, Technology Center, Technology City.

Technology Park Objectives:

Among the goals of creating technology parks are to increase technological (technological) innovation, economic development, and job creation for professionals, and many policymakers cite technology parks as part of a thoughtful and coordinated strategy for national or regional development.

Although each city or country may have different reasons for establishing technology parks, the primary goal of establishing a technology park is generally to increase the number of small and medium-sized knowledge-based companies operating in an economic environment. These companies are cited as supporting the private sector to contribute to economic diversification.

Developing countries with little technology experience may use technology parks to attract foreign investment to create jobs as well as increase tax revenues.

Construction site of Science and Technology Park:

Incompleteness of the structural chain of industry and university is one of the obstacles to the scientific and economic development of countries. This led to the emergence of science and technology towns and parks from the 1960s, first in the United States and then in other parts of the world, which developed into different dimensions and with a wide range of job descriptions as a link in the chain of technology-based economics.

Today, science, research and technology parks play a very important role in advancing the world economy. Science and technology parks, in addition to enabling the activities of small and medium-sized companies based on knowledge and entrepreneurship in an economic environment, provide the necessary platform for technology transfer and development, high value-added production, attracting foreign investment and entrepreneurs and industrial units entering global markets.

The position of science and technology parks in the development of countries:

A social institution and a link in the chain of technology-based economic development
Coordinated strategy for national or regional development
The place of formation and development of many emerging technological phenomena
Plays a pivotal role in the economic development of countries
The place of development of knowledge-based innovations through small and medium enterprises

Types of science and technology parks:

There is no single definition of parks or towns in the world, and countries create parks based on their needs and requirements.

In a general division of science and technology parks can be divided into three categories:

Growth centers for companies and institutions (incubators) dedicated to start-ups and startups.
Science and technology parks where most companies and research and technology institutes and incubators are located.
Scientific and research towns consisting of several parks, universities and residential centers.

The main features of science and technology parks:

The main theme of the activities of these parks is research and development in the field of high level technologies. The main focus is on research organized for “development”. There is no place for mass production in these parks and large industries are not established there.
Research in these parks is done to meet the needs of specific industries. In other words, these parks do not research to achieve specific formulas in physics, chemistry, or mathematics, for example, but research to solve a specific problem or scientific bottleneck of a particular industry. In other words, the internal activities of these complexes are distinctly technological rather than academic.
The industries that are established in these parks are light and technological industries. These industries produce high added value and at the same time are free of noise and pollution and do not harm the environment.
These complexes are the focus of a series of interconnected activities. That is, the activities within these parks (complexes) are closely related to each other and, if necessary, can give each other scientific and research food.

The birth of industry from industry.

The atmosphere of these complexes is like a park and their grounds are very beautiful, the buildings are usually low in height and equipped with a variety of recreational and service facilities. The density of buildings is also low.
These complexes are often established in connection with and with the direct cooperation of one or more universities or institutes of technology and their joint ventures. Of course, instead of the university, a very important research institute can also play this role. In addition, local governments and the private sector are among the main owners. Therefore, the management of these parks, due to the combination, is shared between the public, private and academic sectors.
Most of the units operating in parks are usually small and fledgling, and their owners are researchers. Of course, it often happens that companies like IBM, Cisco and SONY also move their R&D branches to these parks.
Demographically, the people working in these parks are skilled people (such as engineers, scientists, doctors, and R&D experts) who work primarily in top technical, research, and managerial occupations.

Excellent services offered in the science and technology park:

Education: The existence of universities (or having bases in them) and research centers and trained researchers, provides the basis for holding classical education courses at a premium level (master’s and doctoral) as well as specialized training courses in various fields at the lowest possible cost. Food industry
Information: The existence of a modern information center or centers makes it possible for information in various fields to be provided to researchers in a timely manner through publications and books available in libraries or databases. In most science and technology parks and towns, e-mail is fully active for transmitting information over global networks. In addition, the management of these parks regularly has the required seminars and conferences on its agenda.
Patents: In science and technology parks and towns, it is easy to register the results of researchers’ innovations in their own names and protect their rights.

Criteria for locating science and technology parks:

The site selected for the construction of these parks must have certain conditions, the most important of which are:

Existence of appropriate scientific and technical structure: Appropriate scientific and technical structure mainly depends on the existence of universities and research centers in the region.
Existence of appropriate industrial and economic infrastructure: The fulfillment of this condition depends on the existence of high-tech companies and institutions or ordinary companies seeking high technology.
Existence of a suitable standard of living: The fulfillment of this condition depends on the existence of transportation networks (proximity to airports, subways or highways), telecommunication networks, cultural and artistic activities, and health and educational services.
Having the necessary resources to provide a skilled and supportive workforce, proximity to regional, national and even international markets.

Services that can be provided to institutions located in the growth center:
The most significant advantage of establishing technology institutes and research centers in the growth center is taking advantage of the conditions of integration and synergy of research in the vicinity of other researchers and the possibility of participating in an interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary environment.

In addition, due to the provision of necessary and value-added infrastructure in parks and growth centers, the possibility of providing specialized and general support services to reduce costs and risk of activity based on the approved tariff is also provided.

Public Services: Accommodation services, telephone and fax access, basic furniture, office and secretarial services, conference rooms, audio-visual equipment, shuttle service.
Information services: library, internet, information centers, engineering software, local area network (LAN).
Consulting and training services: management, financial and business consulting, accounting and legal services, holding seminars or training courses required for start-ups.
Technical and specialized services: Providing engineering technical services, using laboratory and workshop facilities such as laboratories of food industry, biotechnology, chemistry, ceramics, electricity and electronics, mechanics, machine tool workshop and limited production pilots.
Financial and credit services: Facilitating the possibility of using service and research credits, identifying financial resources and attracting investors, facilitating the attraction of approved credits for research projects.

The President of the International Association of Science Parks (IASP) said: “Iran’s science and technology parks have a high position among the countries of the world in terms of quantity and quality.”